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The following quick guide gives some basic examples of how to refer to a work in the footnotes within the assignment and then in the bibliography.
Pay special attention to the details of punctuation and spacing.
Note that in CT units only (e.g. Doctrine, Church History), series titles should not be included in references. Hence, in the first example below (Oates et al.), “BASPSup 7” should be omitted from the footnotes, and “Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists, Supplements 7” from the bibliography. In all other units (BS, CM), series titles should be included.
For full information and for other types of reference see the Style Guide in Section 8 of the Student Handbook.
AUTHOR–TITLE SYSTEM
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TYPE OF WORK
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IN THE FOOTNOTES WITHIN THE ASSIGNMENT
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IN THE BIBLIOGRAPHY
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FIRST TIME YOU REFER TO THE WORK IN FOOTNOTES
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SECOND AND SUBSEQUENT TIME YOU REFER TO THE WORK IN FOOTNOTES
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HOW YOU LIST THE WORK IN THE BIBLIOGRAPHY, WHICH SHOULD BE IN ORDER A–Z BY AUTHOR
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PRINT MEDIA (The title of the work is in italics)
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BOOK (BY AUTHOR/S)
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8 Jean Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion, 4th ed. John McNeill, trans. Ford Lewis Battles, 2 vols., LCC 20–21 (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1960), III.ii.2.
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12 Calvin, Institutes, IV.i.1.
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Calvin, Jean. Institutes of the Christian Religion. Edited by John T. McNeill. Translated by Ford Lewis Battles. 2 vols. Library of Christian Classics 20–21. Philadelphia: Westminster, 1960.
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BOOK (BY EDITOR/S)
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8 D. W. Baker and B. T. Arnold, eds., The Face of Old Testament Studies: A Survey of Contemporary Approaches (Grand Rapids:
Baker, 1999), 49–51.
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12 Baker and Arnold, The Face of Old Testament Studies, 67.
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Baker, D. W. and B. T. Arnold, eds., The Face of Old Testament Studies: A Survey of Contemporary Approaches. Grand Rapids: Baker, 1999.
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
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8 Mark W. Chavalas, “Did Abraham Ride a Camel?,” BAR 44.6 (2018): 52, 64–65.
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12 Chavalas, “Did Abraham Ride a Camel?,” 64.
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Chavalas, Mark W. “Did Abraham Ride a Camel?” Biblical Archaeology Review 44.6 (2018): 52, 64–65.
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CHAPTER IN A BOOK BY AN EDITOR
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8 Paul Edward Hughes, “Compositional History: Source,
Form and Redaction Criticism,” in Interpreting the Old Testament: A Guide for Exegesis, ed. Craig C. Broyles (Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2001), 225.
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12 Hughes, “Compositional History,” 236–37.
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Hughes, Paul Edward. “Compositional History: Source, Form and
Redaction Criticism.” Pages 221–44 in Interpreting the Old Testament: A Guide for Exegesis. Edited by Craig C. Broyles. Grand Rapids: Baker Academic, 2001.
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ARTICLE IN A DICTIONARY, A LEXICON OR AN
ENCYCLOPAEDIA
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8 K. Stendahl, “Biblical Theology, Contemporary,” IDB 1:418–32.
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12 Stendahl, “Biblical Theology,” 1:425.
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Stendahl, K. “Biblical Theology, Contemporary.” Pages 418–32 in vol. 1 of The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible. Edited by G. A. Buttrick. 4 vols. Nashville: Abingdon, 1962.
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BOOK REVIEW IN A JOURNAL
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8 David Starling, review of The Hermeneutics of Doctrine, by Anthony C. Thiselton, RTR 68 (2009): 217–18.
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12 Starling, review of Hermeneutics of Doctrine (by Thiselton), 217.
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Starling, David. Review of The Hermeneutics of Doctrine, by Anthony C. Thiselton. Reformed Theological Review 68 (2009): 217–18.
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AN UNSEEN (CITED) SOURCE: OMIT FROM BIBLIOGRAPHY
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17 J. G. Eichhorn, Einleitung in das Alte Testament (Leipzig, 1803),
3:154, cited by Andrew G. Shead, A Mouth Full of Fire: The Word of God in the Words of Jeremiah, NSBT 29 (Leicester: IVP, 2012), 79.
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21 Eichhorn, Einleitung 3:154, cited in Shead, Mouth Full of Fire, 79.
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Shead, Andrew G. A Mouth Full of Fire: The Word of God in the Words of Jeremiah. New Studies in Biblical Theology 29. Leicester: IVP, 2012.
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ELECTRONIC MEDIA
URL addresses are never hyphenated at the end of the line and should be divided before a piece of internal punctuation. A DOI is a number beginning with 10. To convert it to a URL, http://dx.doi.org/ is placed is placed in front of it.
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ELECTRONIC JOURNAL ARTICLE
(Online with DOI)
(Comercial database)
5 Campbell Brown, “Consequentialize This,” Ethics 121.4 (July 2011): 752, http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/660696 .
8 Andrew Curtin, “Covenant: The Construction of Identity in Israel,” OTR 8.4 (2012): 16, Academic OneFile.
6 Brown, “Consequentialize This,” 770.
10 Curtin, “Covenant,” 27-28.
Brown, Campbell. “Consequentialize This.” Ethics 121.4 (July 2011): 749–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/660696 .
Curtin, Andrew. “Covenant: The Construction of Identity in Israel.” Old Testament Research 8.4 (2012): 15–28. Academic OneFile.
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DIGITIZED VERSION OF PRINTED BOOK
NB: cite readily available books like normal books (i.e. without the URL)
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10 George Abbott, The Whole Booke of Iob Paraphrased, or, Made
Easie for Any to Understand, London: Printed by Edward Griffin for Henry Overton, 1640, http://rarebooks.dts.edu/viewbook.aspx ?bookid=1206.
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17 Abbott, Whole Booke of Iob, 147–49.
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Abbott, George. The Whole Booke of Iob Paraphrased, or, Made Easie for Any to Understand. London: Printed by Edward Griffin for Henry
Overton, 1640. http://rarebooks.dts.edu/viewbook.aspx?bookid=1206.
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ONLINE DATABASE
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3 The ETCSL Project, Faculty of Oriental Studies, University of Oxford. “Regularised Forms of Proper Nouns in the ETCSL,” The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, updated 17 Oct 2006, http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac .uk/cgi-bin/etcslpropnoun.cgi.
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25 ETCSL Project,
“Regularised Forms.”
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ETCSL Project, Faculty of Oriental Studies, University of Oxford. “Regularised Forms of Proper Nouns in the ETCSL.” The Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature. Updated 17 Oct 2006. http://etcsl.orinst.ox.ac .uk/cgi-bin/etcslpropnoun.cgi.
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BOOK PUBLISHED ELECTRONICALLY
NB: only cite if no print copy is available.
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1 Stanly Johny, The ISIS Caliphate: From Syria to the Doorsteps of India (New Delhi: Bloomsbury India, 2018), ch. 1, EPUB ebook.
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17 Johny, The ISIS Caliphate, ch. 6.
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Johny, Stanly. The ISIS Caliphate: From Syria to the Doorsteps of India. New Delhi: Bloomsbury India, 2018. EPUB ebook.
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JOURNAL OR MAGAZINE PUBLISHED ONLINE
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3 Charles Truehart, “Welcome to the Next Church,” Atlantic Monthly 278 (August 1996): 37–58, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine /archive/1996/08/the-next-church/376646/.
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17 Truehart, “Welcome.”
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Truehart, Charles. “Welcome to the Next Church.” Atlantic Monthly 278 (August 1996): 37–58. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive /1996/08/the-next-church/376646/.
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BLOG POST
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1Paul Helm, “Review of Oliphant’s Aquinas: II,” Helm’s Deep: Philosophical Theology (blog), 30 Dec 2018, http://paulhelmsdeep.blogspot.com/2018/12/ .
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6 Helm, “Review.”
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[Informal material: omit from bibliography]
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ONLINE AUDIOVISUAL MATERIAL
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4 Phillip Jensen, “Spirit-Inspired Christian Living,” Moore College Centre for Christian Living, Vimeo video, 1:02:27, posted 6 Dec 2018, https://vimeo.com/286099598 .
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12 Jensen, “Spirit-Inspired Christian Living,” from 58:00.
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[Informal material: omit from bibliography]
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SOCIAL MEDIA (E.G. FACEBOOK)
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16 “Down Syndrome Australia has launched a petition,” Facebook post, Down Syndrome Australia, 15 Mar 2019 at 15:55, https://www.facebook.com/DownSyndromeAustralia/posts/1993142710783873 .
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17 “Down Syndrome Australia,” Facebook post.
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[Informal material: omit from bibliography]
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OTHER WEBSITES
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6 “Luther (TV Series),” Wikipedia, updated 6 April 2021, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luther_(TV_series) .
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7 “Luther (TV Series),” Wikipedia.
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[Informal material: omit from bibliography]
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DBT LECTURE NOTES
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See DBT FAQs
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